Graduate School Resources
Deciding on graduate or professional school is a big step. It takes reflection, research, and intentional planning to determine if an advanced degree fits your career goals. Asking the right questions early will help you make informed choices and avoid unnecessary stress.
Key considerations:
- Are you ready to commit time and energy to graduate study?
- What advantages does an advanced degree provide for your career?
- How will this degree advance your professional goals?
- Have you researched programs and their requirements?
- What is the application process, and does it involve entrance exams?
- Can you manage the cost, workload, and stress?
- Who can provide strong letters of recommendation?
- When is the best time to start your program?
Quick Tip: Make a list of your career goals and compare them against the outcomes of the programs you are considering. This keeps your decision focused on your future success.
Graduate vs. professional degrees
Graduate degrees focus on advanced study in a discipline and may lead to specialized research or professional practice. Many programs include internships or field experiences to help you gain applied skills.
Master's Degrees
- Professional Master’s (non-thesis): Practice-oriented, usually 1–2 years, often self-funded.
- Master’s with Thesis: Research-focused, ~2 years, often includes funding and assistantships.
Common master’s degrees:
- MEd – Master of Education
- MA – Master of Arts
- MS – Master of Science
- MBA – Master of Business Administration
Doctoral Programs
PhD programs prepare students for independent research or academic careers. Some master’s students may transition into a PhD, but these tracks can be distinct.
Professional Programs
Degrees like law, medicine, pharmacy, and education prepare students for licensed careers. Programs vary from 1–5 years and emphasize practical experience through internships, projects, or clinical work.
Quick Tip: Consider the career outcomes, hands-on opportunities, and licensing requirements of professional programs before applying.
Reasons to pursue a graduate degree
- Increase earning potential: Advanced degrees can open higher-paying roles.
- Career advancement: Degrees may unlock promotions or leadership roles.
- Career change: Transition into fields aligned with your passions.
- Qualifications: Certain positions require a graduate degree.
- Expertise: Deepen knowledge and professional skills in your field.
Possible reasons to wait
- Pressure from family expectations without personal motivation
- Uncertainty about career goals or desired outcomes
- Financial constraints; grad school can be expensive
- No guarantee of a higher salary
- Stress and time investment, particularly for PhD programs
Graduate school application timeline
Summer after Junior Year
- Register and start preparing for entrance exams.
- Research programs and requirements.
- Draft a personal statement.
Fall of Senior Year
- Take or retake exams.
- Get feedback on your personal statement.
- Request recommendation letters.
- Complete applications.
Winter of Senior Year
- Confirm all materials, transcripts, and test scores are submitted.
- Visit schools and attend interviews.
- Receive offers and negotiate financial aid or assistantships.
Spring of Senior Year
- Interview for assistantships.
- Make final decisions by April 15 (typical for most schools).
- Inform your recommenders and celebrate your next step!
Application materials
Letters of Recommendation
- Choose recommenders who know your work and can provide strong, positive support.
- Ask early and provide a resume and transcripts.
- Waive your right to view the letter to increase credibility.
- Follow up to ensure letters are submitted on time.
- Send thank-you notes and keep recommenders updated on outcomes.
Personal Statement / Statement of Purpose
- Demonstrates your skills, experiences, and fit for a program.
- Tailor your statement for each program by emphasizing why the program aligns with your background and goals.
- Schedule a review with a trusted advisor once drafted.
Tips for a strong statement:
- Highlight unique experiences or perspectives.
- Explain your interest in the field and program.
- Address gaps in GPA or test scores honestly.
- Include leadership, research, or technical skills examples.
- Make it personal, accurate, and genuine.
Standardized Exams
- GRE: General and Subject Tests measure verbal, quantitative, and analytical skills. Prepare 2–6 months in advance to perform your best.
- GMAT: Assesses analytical, quantitative, and verbal skills for MBA programs. Exams administered year-round.
Choosing the right graduate school
Talk with current students and alumni to understand the program’s culture, mentorship opportunities, and network. Also consult admissions advisors for guidance and historical outcomes.
Key factors to consider:
- Course offerings and alignment with your interests.
- Program reputation and accreditation.
- Admission requirements and test scores.
- Opportunities for research, teaching, or internships.
- Program length, schedule, and faculty expertise.
- Tuition, financial aid, and assistantships.
- Location, cost of living, and work opportunities.
- Professional opportunities post-graduation.
- Comprehensive exams or thesis requirements.
Quick Tip: Create a comparison chart for top programs to visualize fit and outcomes.
Graduate school resources
Peterson’s Grad Search: Comprehensive graduate program search tool.
MS vs MBA: Guidance on choosing the right path.
How to Choose a Grad School: Apply strategically; focus on a few well-researched programs instead of a mass application approach.
GradSchools.com: Directory and resource guide for graduate programs.
Test Preparation Resources: Free tools to prepare for exams and reduce anxiety.
Deferred MBA Programs: Explore deferred (2+2) MBA options with top program strategies.